Extraction of a lower incisor results in loss of 5–7 mm of tooth tissue from the lower arch. This reduces the intercanine width and, therefore, affects the radial fit of the upper teeth around the...

A 9-year-old girl was referred to a joint orthodontic–paediatric clinic for assessment of her impacted maxillary central incisors, and for advice on the comprehensive management of these teeth. The...

This can present early in adolescence either with a severely displaced or excluded incisor, as shown in Figure 6. An incisor may also be associated with localized gingival recession. Extraction of two...

At age 14 years, Twin 1 was referred to the orthodontic department by his general dental practitioner (GDP) for the impacted UR3, retained LRE and non-vital UL2. Medically, he was fit and well,...

Objective clinician-based assessment of treatment need and outcome are being increasingly supplemented with subjective patient-based measures, which afford greater understanding of patient...

Clinical psychology is a branch of psychology that assesses, identifies and treats a wide range of mental and physical health problems, including addiction, anxiety, depression, learning difficulties...

Sixteen previous cases of sensory nerve symptoms during orthodontic treatment have been reported (Table 1). These have involved patients aged between 12 and 57 years, with 10 females, five males and...

The patient was referred by a specialist orthodontist regarding concerns relating to developmentally absent maxillary lateral incisors and an impacted lower left second premolar (LL5). The patient...

Working and living in an area over an extended period of time helps strengthen professional and personal ties to that area. Run-through training may help with retention of workforce, which may be of...

The impact of supernumeraries on the dentition is variable. They may have no effect and may only be picked up as an incidental finding on a radiograph. Conversely, supernumeraries may affect the...

A 44-year-old male was referred into the Orthodontic Department of the University Dental Hospital of Manchester, complaining of pain from his heavily restored lower right second premolar (LR5). His...

The main treatment options for missing lateral incisors are listed in Table 1. A systematic review found no evidence in favour of one treatment option over another.12 Several factors influence...

Successful orthodontic treatment requires an accurate definitive diagnosis. This can be achieved with verbal history-taking, a thorough oral examination and relevant special investigations, including...

Eating disorders have a complex aetiology and often appear to be the result of an interaction between biological, sociocultural and psychological or cognitive factors. Consequently, influences from...

Interceptive orthodontics is not a new idea. Archeological data show that Egyptian mummies had crude metal bands wrapped around individual teeth. It is speculated that, with the help of catgut,...