Incomplete eruption of anterior teeth may result in an anterior open bite. Should the patient have potential for further eruptive change of the incisors, then monitoring would be prudent. Failure of...

The first molar begins calcification at birth and erupts at roughly 6 years of age. As with most permanent teeth, the lower molar usually erupts just before the upper molar. The second molars begin to...

Following clinical and radiographic investigations, treatment decisions can be made based, not only on the type of malocclusion, but more particularly on the presenting features associated with the...

Calcification of the upper and lower permanent canine teeth begins at 4 to 5 months post-partum, with crown formation being complete by the age of 5 years. The lower permanent canine erupts at around...

The maxillary and mandibular second premolars begin to calcify between 24 and 30 months post-partum. They are often the last successional teeth to erupt, usually between the ages of 10 and 12 years in...

The maxillary central incisor commences its development in the 30th week in utero. Calcification begins 3–4 months post-partum and the crown is usually complete by the age of 5 years. It is often the...

A number of variables including mental maturity, physical capacity, height and weight are sometimes estimated according to chronological age.11 However, there can be wide differences between...