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References

Johannsdottir B, Wisth PJ, Magnusson TE. Prevalence of malocclusion in 6-year-old Icelandic children. Acta Odontol Scand. 1997; 55:398-402 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016359709059206
Aasheim B, Ogaard B. Hypodontia in 9-year-old Norwegians related to need of orthodontic treatment. Scand J Dent Res. 1993; 101:257-260 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1993.tb01115.x
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Khalaf K, Miskelly J, Voge E, Macfarlane TV. Prevalence of hypodontia and associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthod. 2014; 41:299-316 https://doi.org/10.1179/1465313314Y.0000000116
Savarrio L, McIntyre GT. To open or to close space – that is the missing lateral incisor question. Dent Update. 2005; 32:16-25 https://doi.org/10.12968/denu.2005.32.1.16
Araújo EA, Oliveira DD, Araújo MT. Diagnostic protocol in cases of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors. World J Orthod. 2006; 7:376-388
Gungor AY, Turkkahraman H. Tooth sizes in nonsyndromic hypodontia patients. Angle Orthod. 2013; 83:16-21 https://doi.org/10.2319/011112-23.1
Brin I, Becker A, Shalhav M. Position of the maxillary permanent canine in relation to anomalous or missing lateral incisors: a population study. Eur J Orthod. 1986; 8:12-6 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/8.1.12
de Oliveira CM, Sheiham A. Orthodontic treatment and its impact on oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian adolescents. J Orthod. 2004; 31:20-27 https://doi.org/10.1179/146531204225011364
Johal A, Cheung MY, Marcene W. The impact of two different malocclusion traits on quality of life. Br Dent J. 2007; 202 https://doi.org/10.1038/bdj.2007.33
Rusanen J, Lahti S, Tolvanen M, Pirttiniemi P. Quality of life in patients with severe malocclusion before treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2010; 32:43-48 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjp065
Andrade DC, Loureiro CA, Araújo VE Treatment for agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2013; 16:129-136 https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12015
Rosa M, Zachrisson BU. Integrating esthetic dentistry and space closure in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors. J Clin Orthod. 2001; 35:221-234
Robertsson S, Mohlin B. The congenitally missing upper lateral incisor. A retrospective study of orthodontic space closure versus restorative treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2000; 22:697-710 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/22.6.697
Barber S, Bekker HL, Meads D Identification and appraisal of outcome measures used to evaluate hypodontia care: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018; 153:184-194.e18 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.10.010
Magne P, Gallucci GO, Belser UC. Anatomic crown width/length ratios of unworn and worn maxillary teeth in white subjects. J Prosthet Dent. 2003; 89:453-461 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(03)00125-2
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Barber S, Bekker H, Marti J Development of a discrete-choice experiment (dce) to elicit adolescent and parent preferences for hypodontia treatment. Patient. 2019; 12:137-148 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40271-018-0338-0
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Missing lateral incisors: implant-related dilemmas

From Volume 14, Issue 3, July 2021 | Pages 139-145

Authors

Nicola Wade

BDS(Hons), MFDS

Dental Core Trainee 3 in Restorative Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9LU

Articles by Nicola Wade

Email Nicola Wade

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the management of developmentally missing lateral incisors. When prosthodontic replacement of the missing lateral is required, wherever possible, implant-supported prostheses are considered the preferred definitive replacement option. The developmentally missing lateral incisor presents a unique aesthetic challenge. Developments in dental implant systems have implications in the management of this particular clinical situation.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To highlight the importance of interdisciplinary dental care, including the orthodontist and restorative dentist, in treatment of patients with missing lateral incisors.

Article

Hypodontia is the developmental absence of at least one permanent tooth, excluding the third permanent molars. The incidence of missing lateral incisors is reported to be 1–2% in those of European origin,1,2 with a female predilection.3 Missing lateral incisors account for 24% of all developmentally missing teeth, and are more commonly found to be absent bilaterally.4

The missing lateral incisor presents a unique aesthetic challenge for clinicians due to:

Hypodontia involving one or both maxillary lateral incisors affect smile aesthetics and symmetry. The aesthetic issues may involve: spacing; rotations; centreline deviation; microdontia; and overeruption. In unilateral absence cases, achieving an aesthetic result can be more challenging.5,6 This is further complicated by the frequent finding of contralateral diminutive incisors.

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