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References

Proffit WR, Vig KW Primary failure of eruption: a possible cause of posterior open-bite. Am J Orthod. 1981; 80:173-190
Raghoebar GM, Boering G, Vissink A, Stegenga B Eruption disturbances of permanent molars: a review. J Oral Pathol Med. 1991; 20:159-166
Decker E, Stellzig-Eisenhauer A, Fiebig BS, Rau C, Kress W, Saar K PTHR1 loss-of-function mutations in familial, non-syndromic primary failure of tooth eruption. Am J Hum Genet. 2008; 83:781-786
Frazier-Bowers SA, Koehler KE, Ackerman JL, Proffit WR Primary failure of eruption: further characterization of a rare eruption disorder. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 131
Cahill DR Eruption pathway formation in the presence of experimental tooth impaction in puppies. Anat Rec. 1969; 164:67-77
Cahill DR, Marks SC Tooth eruption: evidence for the central role of the dental follicle. J Oral Pathol. 1980; 9:(4)189-200
Yao S, Pan F, Wise GE Chronological gene expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in the stellate reticulum of the rat: implications for tooth eruption. Arch Oral Biol. 2007; 52:(3)228-232
Wise GE, Yao S, Henk WG Bone formation as a potential motive force of tooth eruption in the rat molar. Clin Anat. 2007; 20:(6)632-639
Hatakeyama J, Philp D, Hatakeyama Y Amelogenin-mediated regulation of osteoclastogenesis, and periodontal cell proliferation and migration. J Dent Res. 2006; 85:(2)144-149
Frazier-Bowers SA, Simmons D, Wright JT, Proffit WR, Ackerman JL Primary failure of eruption and PTH1R: The importance of a genetic diagnosis for orthodontic treatment planning. Am J Orthod Dentofac. 2010; 137:160.e1-160.e7
Frazier-Bowers SA, Puranik CP, Mahaney MC The etiology of eruption disorders – further evidence of a ‘genetic paradigm’. Semin Orthod. 2010; 16:(3)180-185
Kater WM, Kawa D, Schafer D, Toll D Treatment of posterior open bite using distraction osteogenesis. J Clin Orthod. 2004; 38:501-504

Failure of eruption of posterior teeth

From Volume 8, Issue 2, April 2015 | Pages 63-68

Authors

Claire Dunbar

BDS, MJDF RCS(Eng), MSc, MOrth RCS(Ed)

Senior Registrar, Dorset County Hospital, Dorchester and School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol

Articles by Claire Dunbar

David Slattery

BDS, FDS RCPS, MSc, MOrth, FDS(RCS)

Consultant Orthodontist, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough, UK

Articles by David Slattery

Abstract

Failure of eruption of posterior teeth is rare but has significant clinical implications. There has been a recent re-classification of failure of eruption based on aetiology and presentation. Primary failure of eruption (PFE) affects all teeth distal to the affected tooth and can result in a significant posterior open bite. Mechanical failure of eruption (MFE) is due to ankylosis and the teeth distal to the affected tooth are not affected. Early diagnosis and differentiation between PFE and MFE is essential to ensure that the correct treatment is provided. Two cases are shown that demonstrate MFE.

Clinical Relevance: This article reviews the aetiology for non-eruption and identifies the differences between PFE and MFE.

Article

Proffit and Vig originally used the term primary failure of eruption (PFE) for the failure of a tooth to erupt or cessation of initial eruption with no obvious local or systemic cause.1 Raghoebar et al further subdivided PFE into primary and secondary retention;2 primary if the tooth failed to erupt and secondary if there was cessation of initial eruption.

More recent genetic studies have found a genetic basis for PFE3 and, as a result, different mechanisms have been suggested for the aetiology of failure of eruption of posterior teeth.4 These are PFE, mechanical failure of eruption (MFE) and intermediate failure of eruption (IFE).4 This article will review the literature and present two cases of MFE.

An eruption path is cleared by resorption of overlying bone, deciduous tooth roots and alveolar mucosa.5 Experiments in dogs have shown that the tooth moves through this eruption path and the tooth does not ‘force’ its way through overlying tissue.5

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